Ceramic, or fired brick was used as early as 3000 BC in early Indus Valley cities like Kalibangan.

and later the ancient Indus Valley cities of Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, and Mehrgarh. The South Asian inhabitants of Mehrgarh also constructed, air-dried mudbrick structures, between 70 BC. The standard brick sizes in Mesopotamia followed a general rule: the width of the dried or burned brick would be twice its thickness, and its length would be double its width. īetween 50 BC, Mesopotamia had discovered fired brick. These structures were made up of the first bricks with dimension 400x150x100 mm. 7,200 BC have been located in Jericho, Jordan Valley. Mudbrick construction was used at Çatalhöyük, from c. The oldest discovered bricks, originally made from shaped mud and dating before 7500 BC, were found at Tell Aswad, in the upper Tigris region and in southeast Anatolia close to Diyarbakir. The earliest bricks were dried mudbricks, meaning that they were formed from clay-bearing earth or mud and dried (usually in the sun) until they were strong enough for use. History Middle East and South Asia The ancient Jetavanaramaya stupa of Anuradhapura in Sri Lanka is one of the largest brick structures in the world.

Air-dried bricks, also known as mudbricks, have a history older than fired bricks, and have an additional ingredient of a mechanical binder such as straw.īricks are laid in courses and numerous patterns known as bonds, collectively known as brickwork, and may be laid in various kinds of mortar to hold the bricks together to make a durable structure. Lightweight bricks (also called lightweight blocks) are made from expanded clay aggregate.įired bricks are one of the longest-lasting and strongest building materials, sometimes referred to as artificial stone, and have been used since circa 4000 BC. īlock is a similar term referring to a rectangular building unit composed of clay or concrete, but is usually larger than a brick. Bricks are usually produced at brickworks in numerous classes, types, materials, and sizes which vary with region, and are produced in bulk quantities. Bricks can be joined using mortar, adhesives or by interlocking. Properly, the term brick denotes a unit primarily composed of clay, but is now also used informally to denote units made of other materials or other chemically cured construction blocks. An old brick wall in English bond laid with alternating courses of headers and stretchers.Ī brick is a type of construction material used to build walls, pavements and other elements in masonry construction.

A wall constructed in glazed-headed Flemish bond with bricks of various shades and lengths.

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